Drobo's direct-attached and network-attached storage units are quite popular in the market, but we never got the opportunity to evaluate them on AnandTech. At CES 2016, we met with Drobo and got pitched with the advantages of Drobo's BeyondRAID technology. In this review, we take a look at how BeyondRAID is used in one of their most popular DAS units - the Drobo 5D.

Introduction

Drobo makes a variety of external storage devices for both consumers and businesses. These fall under both direct-attached and network-attached categories. Their first product appeared in the market in 2007, and since then products have been released regularly. I will not go into the details of Drobo's history, as Wikipedia has more than enough interesting information about how Drobo has evolved over the years.

One of the major selling points of Drobo's products (compared to the competition) is the usage of a proprietary patented method to provide resiliency against disk failures. We will briefly discuss this feature (called BeyondRAID) further down in this section. Prior to that, let us take a look at the specifications of the Drobo 5D.

Drobo's products have a long life cycle. In fact, the Drobo 5D DAS was introduced back in late 2012, and it is still available in the market and receiving firmware updates.

Hardware Aspects

Compared to the average multi-bay direct-attached storage solution, the Drobo 5D has two interesting features - the first one is the presence of two Thunderbolt ports on the unit in addition to the USB 3.0 device port. The second is the presence of a mSATA SSD slot on the underside of the unit. It can be used for data-aware tiering, i.e, caching of 'hot' data.

The Drobo 5D employs premium packaging. In addition to the 150W (12V @ 12.5A) power adapter, USB 3.0 cable and the quick start guide, the main unit comes in a tote bag. The all-metal chassis has rounded edges can be aesthetically pleasing, away from other sharp-edged designs: the five 3.5-inch drive bays are covered by a magnetic lid and installing disks is a tool-less operation. After moving the latch to the side, the drives slot right in, and the latch automatically snaps back in to keep the drive in place / prevent accidental removal. A spring mechanism at the inner end ensures that taking out the drives is a simple matter of just moving the latch to the side.

The mSATA slot is accessible from the underside of the chassis and is also controlled by a latching mechanism. A sticker strongly advises users to install the mSATA module only after completely powering down the system. The mSATA SSD is held in place by a couple of notches that slot into the holes usually reserved for screws. In fact, the Drobo 5D chassis is extremely user-friendly - there is absolutely no need for a screwdriver, and, in fact, there are even no tool-less screws to deal with.

Moving on to the chassis itself, we have indicator LEDs to the right and bottom of the front lid. The rear side of the lid provides a guide to the statuses indicated by the various colors. As is usual, the ports and switches are all on the rear side of the unit. A 120mm fan is housed behind the perforated rear panel to provide ventilation. There are two Thunderbolt ports to support the usage of the unit as part of a daisy-chain configuration. Unfortunately, it works only with compatible Apple products. A USB 3.0 Type-B female port, a power inlet and an explicit power on/off switch make up the rest of the rear panel. The gallery above shows the various external hardware aspects of the Drobo 5D.

Even though we didn't do a full-length teardown of the unit, the firmware file points to a Marvell ARMADA XP platform in the Drobo 5D. The Thunderbolt ports are obviously enabled by Intel DSL3510 controller.

Drobo Dashboard and BeyondRAID

In our initial setup, the Drobo 5D was loaded up with 5x 2TB drives and booted up after connecting over USB 3.0 to our DAS testbed. Windows Disk Management reported a 64TB physical disk which could be formatted in NTFS and used without hiccups on any other Windows system. Obviously, the 64TB capacity is virtual. In order to get a look at the actual usable capacity, and check up on the status of the disks in the unit, Drobo supplies the Drobo Dashboard, a tool for central management of all Drobo devices on the network / directly attached to the PC on which it is installed. The gallery below shows the various features of the Drobo Dashboard and the administration tasks that can be executed using it.

The Drobo Dashboard allows the Drobo 5D to be setup with single- or dual-disk redundancy, the former being the default. For people coming from a RAID background, this is similar to RAID-5 or RAID-6 (coming with similar requirements in terms of number of disks required). The Dashboard also presents the total usable capacity, based on the capacity of the disks in the unit. Other operational aspects are pretty much evident from the gallery pictures.

BeyondRAID is the data protection scheme used by Drobo. It is a patented proprietary scheme unlike traditional software RAID (mdadm etc.). ArsTechnica has a detailed look into the patent behind BeyondRAID for those interested in the technical details of how BeyondRAID works. One of the main disadvantages of this proprietary scheme is that it is impossible for third-party tools to reconstruct data in case of a faulty unit. Unless the user has a standing warranty coverage from Drobo, getting hold of another similar Drobo unit is the only way out.

One of the advantages of BeyondRAID over some of the other RAID implementations is that disks of varying sizes can be used. This is similar to mdadm-based implementations like Synology Hybrid RAID (SHR). In the case of single-disk redundancy, the largest capacity disk is completely used up for protection purposes. For dual-disk redundancy, the two largest disks are used up and don't contribute to the usable capacity.

We evaluated the Drobo 5D in both single-disk and dual-disk redundancy modes. In both cases, we also processed benchmarks in two modes - with a mSATA SSD in the hot-cache drive bay and without it. Five 2TB Toshiba enterprise SATA hard drives (MG03ACA2SATA) were used along with a Plextor 256GB M5M mSATA drive for benchmarking purposes. In the next section, we take a brief look at our testing setup, evaluation methodology and testing results.

Direct-Attached Storage Performance
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  • ImSpartacus - Monday, April 25, 2016 - link

    Yeah, it's tough to swallow the cost. I've asked myself the exact same question with respect to drobo.
  • bill.rookard - Monday, April 25, 2016 - link

    Exactly. I have a full blown desktop, dropped in 3 Seagate ES 4TB disks into a IcyDock and am running a virtualized CentOS with raw disk access into a RAID5 array. Currently testing it for stability to make sure it's going to work right before taking down my standalone setup.
  • ydeer - Monday, April 25, 2016 - link

    In my experience:

    Lower latency than a GigE NAS and thus better performance in everyday usage
    Significantly lower power consumption
    Reliable standby and wakeup in sync with the connected Computer (unlike WOL)
    Setup simplicity, almost zero configuration required, firmware updates are completely hands-off.
  • chekk - Monday, April 25, 2016 - link

    Simple. Most people reading Anandtech are not in Drobo's target demographic.

    Readers here always compare it to some file server they set up themselves for low cost, but never factor in the many hours to learn all the hardware and software setup (e.g. learn ZFS) and then make it stable.

    A unit like the Drobo removes the vast majority of those hours, but not for free.
    It's not a bad or particularly expensive product, just not for you.
  • beginner99 - Monday, April 25, 2016 - link

    It is still more expensive than a similar off the shelve NAS, which doesn't require much knowledge to set up. (not more than drobo). Plus with NAS you don't need a PC with Thunderbolt. But yeah. the target audience is people that need huge amounts of fast direct attached storage. It's a different use case than a NAS.
  • BedfordTim - Monday, April 25, 2016 - link

    Have you ever tried to get a broken NAS fixed? For a business losing you data for a week or more while you deal with the dreadful support offering from NAS vendors is a disaster. A PC based system allows you get up and running the next day.
  • Spunjji - Tuesday, April 26, 2016 - link

    That line of thinking works right up until you try to get support for your dead box 6 months outside of warranty. Then there is suddenly nothing user friendly about the device.
  • jjunos - Monday, April 25, 2016 - link

    Not much.

    If you are the type of users who is goign to build their own NAS, and have the technical know how, not much here is going to sell you. The only thing may be the dynamic way you can add space with additional HD's.

    From a guy who owns 2 drobos and 2 synology's, the only benefit over that is easy of use, flexible expandibility, and the apps. Note though, drobo's apps are worse than the synology so if you are looking for an app, a good chance synology will have it, and the drobo will be a hassle
  • extide - Monday, April 25, 2016 - link

    I guess for the average consumer -- it's the easy setup and stuff. To me, it makes zero sense. I run ZFS and manually manage it all, but that's just my preference. I would rather configure everything directly and stuff. Plus I am not dependant on any proprietary hardware. I can move my drives to any linux or solaris machine and get my data. I am also not relying on hardware raid, which would mean I am tied to that particular manufacturer's raid cards. Drobo could go out of business and then if your box failed you are pretty much SoL.
  • jasonelmore - Monday, April 25, 2016 - link

    Simplified Redundancy with Mixed Drives off the network. Mission critical data, Trade Secrets, Computer code that China would like to hack, etc... Kept off a network, even a local network is only as strong as it's weakest link.

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